National statistical offices have long operated at the sharp edge of privacy, trust, and public-interest data use. As governments demand more timely, granular, and integrated data - often spanning borders - NSOs are turning to privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) to reconcile data needs with strict legal and ethical constraints. Drawing on the work of the UN Committee of Experts and real PETs deployments – from international trade reconciliation to privacy-preserving linkage, federated learning, and differential privacy – this panel examines what it takes to use PETs in production. It explores how legal, policy, and technical stakeholders collaborate, and why standard anonymisation and traditional disclosure controls are insufficient for today’s data ecosystems. What emerges are practical lessons for strengthening privacy-by-design, shaping cross-border data frameworks, and building the trusted data infrastructures needed for the next decade..